How to Grow Fruit Trees - Part 2: Selecting the Right Variety

Growing your own fruit trees can be a rewarding endeavour, providing fresh, homegrown produce for years to come. However, the success of your fruit tree garden hinges significantly on the initial selection of tree varieties. In this section, we’ll explore how to choose the right fruit trees for your environment and ensure a fruitful harvest.

Choosing Vigorous Young Trees

When selecting fruit trees, it’s crucial to choose vigorous young specimens. Opt for those that are healthy, well-rooted, and ideally less than a year old. Avoid older trees that may have been in a planter bag or pot for a couple of years, as these can be more prone to stress and less likely to establish successfully in your garden.

A young tree will adapt better to its new environment, root more effectively, and have a higher chance of flourishing. Look for trees with healthy leaves and a robust trunk; these indicators often reflect the overall vitality of the tree.

Consider Your Climate

One of the most critical factors in selecting fruit trees is understanding which varieties will thrive in your specific climate. Different fruit trees have varying temperature and sunlight requirements:

• Citrus Trees: These varieties, which include oranges, lemons, and limes, flourish in warmer regions with plenty of sunshine. They thrive in temperatures between 21°C to 32°C and require well-drained soil.

• Stone Fruits: Varieties such as peaches, cherries, and plums often need winter chilling hours to set fruit, meaning they require a certain number of hours at temperatures below 7°C. If you live in a milder climate, consider low-chill varieties that can still flourish without extensive cold exposure.

• Apples and Pears: These trees are generally more adaptable and can grow in a variety of conditions, but they also have specific cultivar needs based on local climate.

Before making your selection, research the specific requirements of each variety and consult with your local garden centre or horticulturist for guidance on what works best in your area.

Understanding Pollination Needs

Pollination is essential for the fruiting of many trees. Most fruit trees are self-fertile, meaning they can produce fruit on their own. However, some types, such as plums, nashis, pears, and cherries, require cross-pollination to bear fruit effectively. This means you need to plant a compatible variety nearby to ensure pollination occurs.

For example:

• Plums: Plant at least two compatible varieties for optimal fruiting.
• Cherries: Most sweet cherry varieties require a pollinator, while some sour varieties are self-fertile.

Additionally, be aware that some plants have separate male and female trees, so check the pollination requirements when selecting varieties. Your local garden centre can provide valuable advice on compatible trees to enhance productivity.

Patience is Key: Fruiting Expectations

It’s essential to manage your expectations when planting fruit trees. Fruiting can take anywhere from two to three years, depending on the variety and growing conditions. Young trees need time to establish strong roots and develop before they can support a heavy crop.

While it may be tempting to expect a bountiful harvest right away, the beauty of fruit trees lies in their longevity. Once established, many fruit trees can produce for decades, rewarding your patience with delicious fruit year after year.

How to Grow Fruit Trees : Part 3 - Tree Varieties